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Linear

viewed 16616 times and licensed 1118 times
Calculates the linear regression parameters and evaluates the regression line at arbitrary abscissas
Controller: CodeCogs

Interface

C++

Class Linear

Linear regression is a method to best fit a linear equation (straight line) of the form \inline  y(x) = a + bx to a collection of points \inline  (x_i,y_i) \, 1 \leq i \leq N, where \inline  b is the slope and \inline  a the intercept on the \inline  Y axis.

The algorithm basically requires minimisation of the sum of the squared distance from the data points to the proposed line. This is achieved by calculating the derivative with respect to a and b and setting these to zero.

Let us define the following

Then the slope is the intercept on the Y axis

Below you will find the regression graph for a set of arbitrary points, which were also used in the forthcoming example. The regression line, displayed in red, has been calculated using this class.
MISSING IMAGE!

1/reglinear-378.png cannot be found in /users/1/reglinear-378.png. Please contact the submission author.

Example 1

The following example displays the slope, Y intercept and regression coefficient for a certain set of 7 points.
#include <codecogs/maths/approximation/regression/linear.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
 
int main() 
{
    double x[7] = { 1.5, 2.4, 3.2, 4.8,  5.0, 7.0,  8.43 };
    double y[7] = { 3.5, 5.3, 7.7, 6.2, 11.0, 9.5, 10.27 };
 
    Maths::Regression::Linear A(7, x, y);
 
    cout << "    Slope = " << A.getSlope() << endl;
    cout << "Intercept = " << A.getIntercept() << endl << endl;
 
    cout << "Regression coefficient = " << A.getCoefficient() << endl;
 
    cout << endl << "Regression line values" << endl << endl;
    for (double i = 0.0; i <= 3; i += 0.6) 
    {
        cout << "x = " << setw(3) << i << "  y = " << A.getValue(i);
        cout << endl;
    }
    return 0;
 
}
Output:
Slope = 0.904273
Intercept = 3.46212
 
Regression coefficient = 0.808257
 
Regression line values
 
x =   0  y = 3.46212
x = 0.6  y = 4.00469
x = 1.2  y = 4.54725
x = 1.8  y = 5.08981
x = 2.4  y = 5.63238
x =   3  y = 6.17494

Authors

Lucian Bentea (August 2005)
Source Code

Source code is available when you agree to a GP Licence or buy a Commercial Licence.

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Members of Linear

Linear

 
Linearintn
double*x
double*y )[constructor]
Initializes the class by calculating the slope, intercept and regression coefficient based on the given constructor arguments.

Note

The slope should not be infinite.
nThe number of initial points in the arrays x and y
xThe x-coordinates of points
yThe y-coordinates of points

GetValue

 
doublegetValuedoublex )
xthe abscissa used to evaluate the linear regression function

GetCoefficient

 
doublegetCoefficient )
The regression coefficient indicated how well linear regression fits to the original data. It is an expression of error in the fitting and is defined as:

This varies from 0 (no linear trend) to 1 (perfect linear fit). If \inline  |S_y| = 0 and \inline  |S_x| \neq 0, then r is considered to be equal to 1.

Linear Once

 
doubleLinear_onceintn
double*x
double*y
doublea )
This function implements the Linear class for one off calculations, thereby avoid the need to instantiate the Linear class yourself.

Example 2

The following graph fits a straight line to the following values:
x = 1  y = 0.22
x = 2  y = 0.04
x = 3  y = -0.13
x = 4  y = -0.17
x = 5  y = -0.04
x = 6  y = 0.09
x = 7  y = 0.11
There is an error with your graph parameters for Linear_once with options n=7 x="1 2 3 4 5 6 7" y="0.22 0.04 -0.13 -0.17 -0.04 0.09 0.11" a=1:7 .input

Error Message:Function Linear_once failed. Ensure that: Invalid C++

Parameters

nThe number of initial points in the arrays x and y
xThe x-coordinates of points
yThe y-coordinates of points
aThe x-coordinate for the output location

Returns

the interpolated y-coordinate that corresponds to a.
Source Code

Source code is available when you agree to a GP Licence or buy a Commercial Licence.

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